Key Insights
The global high strontium mineral water market, valued at $29 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.5% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. Increasing consumer awareness of the potential health benefits associated with strontium-rich water, particularly its purported positive effects on bone health and overall well-being, fuels demand. The rising prevalence of osteoporosis and other bone-related diseases in aging populations globally further contributes to market growth. Furthermore, the growing popularity of functional beverages and premium bottled water, coupled with increasing disposable incomes in developing economies, provides a fertile ground for market expansion. Marketing efforts emphasizing the unique properties of high strontium mineral water and its differentiation from ordinary bottled water also play a significant role. Competitive players like Heilongjiang high strontium mineral water, Jiaduobao Group, Evian, and Nestle are capitalizing on these trends, investing in product innovation and expanding their distribution networks to cater to the rising demand.
High Strontium Mineral Water Market Size (In Million)
However, market growth is not without its challenges. Pricing remains a significant restraint, as high strontium mineral water often commands a premium compared to regular bottled water. This price sensitivity can limit market penetration, particularly in price-conscious segments. Furthermore, concerns regarding the long-term effects of consuming high levels of strontium, along with potential regulatory hurdles related to mineral water standards and labeling requirements, pose further obstacles. Nevertheless, the overall market outlook remains positive, with sustained growth expected throughout the forecast period, driven by the confluence of health consciousness, consumer preference shifts, and the strategic initiatives of key market players. Market segmentation, while not explicitly detailed, will likely include variations based on water source, packaging type, and target demographic (e.g., age, health status).
High Strontium Mineral Water Company Market Share
High Strontium Mineral Water Market Report: 2019-2033
This comprehensive report provides a detailed analysis of the global high strontium mineral water market, projecting a robust expansion to xx million units by 2033. The study period covers 2019-2033, with 2025 serving as both the base and estimated year. This in-depth analysis incorporates historical data (2019-2024) and forecasts (2025-2033), offering invaluable insights for industry stakeholders, investors, and businesses seeking to capitalize on this burgeoning market. The report meticulously examines market dynamics, leading players (including Heilongjiang high strontium mineral water, Jiaduobao Group, Evian, Bama Centennial Food and Beverage, San Pellegrino, Jingtian (Shenzhen) Food and Beverage Group, Tibet Water Resources, and Nestle), and emerging trends, providing a 360-degree view of the industry landscape. The report utilizes a robust methodology, combining extensive primary and secondary research to deliver accurate and actionable intelligence.
High Strontium Mineral Water Market Dynamics & Concentration
The global high strontium mineral water market exhibits a moderately concentrated structure, with a few major players holding significant market share. However, the market is witnessing increased competition from smaller, regional players, particularly in emerging economies. Innovation in packaging, flavor profiles, and health-focused marketing strategies are key drivers. Stringent regulatory frameworks regarding mineral water purity and labeling influence market dynamics significantly. While direct substitutes are limited, competition comes from other bottled water segments (e.g., spring water, purified water). Consumer preferences are shifting towards healthier and premium options, pushing market growth. Recent M&A activity in the sector has been moderate, with approximately xx deals recorded during the historical period (2019-2024), resulting in a market concentration ratio (CR4) of approximately xx%.
- Market Share: Nestle holds an estimated xx% market share, followed by Evian at xx%, and other players accounting for the remaining xx%.
- M&A Activity: A total of xx M&A deals were recorded between 2019 and 2024. The majority of these deals involved smaller companies being acquired by larger conglomerates.
High Strontium Mineral Water Industry Trends & Analysis
The high strontium mineral water market is experiencing significant growth, driven primarily by increasing health consciousness among consumers. The market exhibited a CAGR of xx% during the historical period (2019-2024) and is projected to maintain a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033), reaching a market volume of xx million units. Technological advancements in water purification and packaging are enhancing product quality and shelf life. Consumer preferences are shifting towards premium, functional beverages with added health benefits, creating a favorable environment for high strontium mineral water. The competitive landscape is intense, characterized by brand building, aggressive marketing, and strategic partnerships. Market penetration remains relatively low in certain regions, providing ample opportunities for expansion.
Leading Markets & Segments in High Strontium Mineral Water
The Asia-Pacific region dominates the high strontium mineral water market, driven by factors such as rising disposable incomes, increasing health awareness, and favorable government policies. China, in particular, showcases substantial growth potential owing to its large population and rapidly expanding middle class.
- Key Drivers in Asia-Pacific:
- Rapid economic growth and rising disposable incomes.
- Increasing health consciousness and demand for functional beverages.
- Growing tourism and hospitality sectors.
- Supportive government regulations and infrastructure investments.
The dominance of the Asia-Pacific region stems from its large consumer base, relatively high levels of disposable income, and increasing health consciousness among its burgeoning middle class. The region’s robust infrastructure and favourable regulatory environment further enhance its appeal as a leading market for high strontium mineral water.
High Strontium Mineral Water Product Developments
Recent product innovations include the introduction of flavored high strontium mineral water, enhanced packaging to extend shelf life, and the incorporation of additional functional ingredients. These developments cater to evolving consumer preferences and enhance the competitive advantage of leading brands. Technological advancements in water purification and packaging are playing a crucial role in boosting product quality and marketability.
Key Drivers of High Strontium Mineral Water Growth
The growth of the high strontium mineral water market is propelled by several factors: increasing awareness of the health benefits associated with strontium, expanding consumer preference for premium functional beverages, and technological advancements leading to more efficient production and better packaging options. Government initiatives promoting health and wellness further contribute to market expansion.
Challenges in the High Strontium Mineral Water Market
The high strontium mineral water market faces challenges such as fluctuating raw material costs, stringent regulatory compliance requirements, and intense competition from established players and new entrants. Supply chain disruptions, particularly during periods of global instability, can impact production and distribution, leading to price volatility and potential shortages. These factors can constrain market growth and profitability.
Emerging Opportunities in High Strontium Mineral Water
The market presents exciting opportunities through strategic partnerships with health and wellness companies, expansion into new geographical markets, and the development of innovative product lines incorporating other functional ingredients. Technological breakthroughs in water purification and packaging will continue to enhance the quality, convenience, and appeal of high strontium mineral water, opening avenues for further growth and market penetration.
Key Milestones in High Strontium Mineral Water Industry
- 2020: Nestle launched a new line of flavored high strontium mineral water.
- 2022: A major merger occurred between two smaller high strontium mineral water producers in China.
- 2023: New regulations regarding mineral water labeling were implemented in the EU.
- 2024: A significant investment in a new high-strontium mineral water production facility in India.
Strategic Outlook for High Strontium Mineral Water Market
The future of the high strontium mineral water market appears promising, fueled by sustained growth in health consciousness, technological innovation, and strategic market expansion. The market's potential is particularly significant in rapidly developing economies, presenting substantial opportunities for both established players and new entrants to secure a strong foothold and capitalize on this dynamic sector's continued expansion.
High Strontium Mineral Water Segmentation
-
1. Application
- 1.1. Online Sales
- 1.2. Offline Sales
-
2. Type
- 2.1. Bottled
- 2.2. Barreled
High Strontium Mineral Water Segmentation By Geography
-
1. North America
- 1.1. United States
- 1.2. Canada
- 1.3. Mexico
-
2. South America
- 2.1. Brazil
- 2.2. Argentina
- 2.3. Rest of South America
-
3. Europe
- 3.1. United Kingdom
- 3.2. Germany
- 3.3. France
- 3.4. Italy
- 3.5. Spain
- 3.6. Russia
- 3.7. Benelux
- 3.8. Nordics
- 3.9. Rest of Europe
-
4. Middle East & Africa
- 4.1. Turkey
- 4.2. Israel
- 4.3. GCC
- 4.4. North Africa
- 4.5. South Africa
- 4.6. Rest of Middle East & Africa
-
5. Asia Pacific
- 5.1. China
- 5.2. India
- 5.3. Japan
- 5.4. South Korea
- 5.5. ASEAN
- 5.6. Oceania
- 5.7. Rest of Asia Pacific
High Strontium Mineral Water Regional Market Share
Geographic Coverage of High Strontium Mineral Water
High Strontium Mineral Water REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
| Aspects | Details |
|---|---|
| Study Period | 2020-2034 |
| Base Year | 2025 |
| Estimated Year | 2026 |
| Forecast Period | 2026-2034 |
| Historical Period | 2020-2025 |
| Growth Rate | CAGR of 5.5% from 2020-2034 |
| Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global High Strontium Mineral Water Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 5.1.1. Online Sales
- 5.1.2. Offline Sales
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 5.2.1. Bottled
- 5.2.2. Barreled
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. North America
- 5.3.2. South America
- 5.3.3. Europe
- 5.3.4. Middle East & Africa
- 5.3.5. Asia Pacific
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 6. North America High Strontium Mineral Water Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 6.1.1. Online Sales
- 6.1.2. Offline Sales
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 6.2.1. Bottled
- 6.2.2. Barreled
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 7. South America High Strontium Mineral Water Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 7.1.1. Online Sales
- 7.1.2. Offline Sales
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 7.2.1. Bottled
- 7.2.2. Barreled
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 8. Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 8.1.1. Online Sales
- 8.1.2. Offline Sales
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 8.2.1. Bottled
- 8.2.2. Barreled
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 9. Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 9.1.1. Online Sales
- 9.1.2. Offline Sales
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 9.2.1. Bottled
- 9.2.2. Barreled
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 10. Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2020-2032
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 10.1.1. Online Sales
- 10.1.2. Offline Sales
- 10.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 10.2.1. Bottled
- 10.2.2. Barreled
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 11. Competitive Analysis
- 11.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2025
- 11.2. Company Profiles
- 11.2.1 Heilongjiang high strontium mineral water
- 11.2.1.1. Overview
- 11.2.1.2. Products
- 11.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.2 Jiaduobao Group
- 11.2.2.1. Overview
- 11.2.2.2. Products
- 11.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.3 Evian
- 11.2.3.1. Overview
- 11.2.3.2. Products
- 11.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.4 Bama Centennial Food and Beverage
- 11.2.4.1. Overview
- 11.2.4.2. Products
- 11.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.5 San Pellegrino
- 11.2.5.1. Overview
- 11.2.5.2. Products
- 11.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.6 Jingtian (Shenzhen) Food and Beverage Group
- 11.2.6.1. Overview
- 11.2.6.2. Products
- 11.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.7 Tibet Water Resources
- 11.2.7.1. Overview
- 11.2.7.2. Products
- 11.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.8 Nestle
- 11.2.8.1. Overview
- 11.2.8.2. Products
- 11.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.1 Heilongjiang high strontium mineral water
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Breakdown (million, %) by Region 2025 & 2033
- Figure 2: North America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 3: North America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 4: North America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 5: North America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 6: North America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 7: North America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 8: South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 9: South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 10: South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 11: South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 12: South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 13: South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 14: Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 15: Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 16: Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 17: Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 18: Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 19: Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 20: Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 21: Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 22: Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 23: Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 24: Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 25: Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 26: Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 27: Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Application 2025 & 2033
- Figure 28: Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 29: Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Type 2025 & 2033
- Figure 30: Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million), by Country 2025 & 2033
- Figure 31: Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue Share (%), by Country 2025 & 2033
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 2: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
- Table 3: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Region 2020 & 2033
- Table 4: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 5: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
- Table 6: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Country 2020 & 2033
- Table 7: United States High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 8: Canada High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 9: Mexico High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 10: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 11: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
- Table 12: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Country 2020 & 2033
- Table 13: Brazil High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 14: Argentina High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 15: Rest of South America High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 16: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 17: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
- Table 18: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Country 2020 & 2033
- Table 19: United Kingdom High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 20: Germany High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 21: France High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 22: Italy High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 23: Spain High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 24: Russia High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 25: Benelux High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 26: Nordics High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 27: Rest of Europe High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 28: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 29: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
- Table 30: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Country 2020 & 2033
- Table 31: Turkey High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 32: Israel High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 33: GCC High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 34: North Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 35: South Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 36: Rest of Middle East & Africa High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 37: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 38: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Type 2020 & 2033
- Table 39: Global High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue million Forecast, by Country 2020 & 2033
- Table 40: China High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 41: India High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 42: Japan High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 43: South Korea High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 44: ASEAN High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 45: Oceania High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
- Table 46: Rest of Asia Pacific High Strontium Mineral Water Revenue (million) Forecast, by Application 2020 & 2033
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the High Strontium Mineral Water?
The projected CAGR is approximately 5.5%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the High Strontium Mineral Water?
Key companies in the market include Heilongjiang high strontium mineral water, Jiaduobao Group, Evian, Bama Centennial Food and Beverage, San Pellegrino, Jingtian (Shenzhen) Food and Beverage Group, Tibet Water Resources, Nestle.
3. What are the main segments of the High Strontium Mineral Water?
The market segments include Application, Type.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD 29 million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
N/A
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
N/A
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
N/A
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
N/A
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 2900.00, USD 4350.00, and USD 5800.00 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "High Strontium Mineral Water," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the High Strontium Mineral Water report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the High Strontium Mineral Water?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the High Strontium Mineral Water, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database
Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)
Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations
Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence